Insect Survey Research

Research

Research relating to Rothamsted Insect Survey is included below from 1964 to the present day. This is not a definitive list; instead it is a list of the most important papers that have either used Insect Survey data in their analyses or is led by an acting or former head of the RIS. Roy Taylor was the founding scientist of the RIS in 1964 and his research began a long history of study in insect migration, ecology and population dynamics that continues to the present day.  Readers are advised to consult Harrington, R. (2014) The Rothamsted Insect Survey strikes gold. Antenna 38, 158-166 for a brief history of research within the group.

Existing and former heads of the RIS

• Roy Taylor: 1964-1984. Founding scientists and exceptionally numerate; key interest in population dynamics of moths and aphids.  
• Mark Tatchell: 1984-1993 -Aphidologist; key interest in economic thresholds
• Ian Woiwod: 1984-2008 - moths); key interest in climate change and moths
• Richard Harrington: 1993-2015 - Aphidologist and amateur lepidopterist; key interest in aphids and climate change
• James Bell: 2015 - Quantitative entomologist;  key interest in population dynamics of moths and aphids.

Note:  Mark and Ian divided Roy's post into research relating to suction traps (Mark) and moths (Ian). In the fullness of time Richard brought those two posts back together again in 2008 when Ian retired. James continues in that role. 

AJAYI, O. & DEWAR, A. M. 1982. The Effect of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus on Honeydew Production by the Cereal Aphids, Sitobion-Avenae and Metopolophium-Dirhodum. Annals of Applied Biology, 100, 203-212.

AJAYI, O. & DEWAR, A. M. 1983. The Effect of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus on Field Populations of the Cereal Aphids, Sitobion-Avenae and Metopolophium-Dirhodum. Annals of Applied Biology, 103, 1-11.

AJAYI, O. & DEWAR, A. M. 1983. The Effects of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus, Aphids and Honeydew on Cladosporium Infection of Winter-Wheat and Barley. Annals of Applied Biology, 102, 57-65.

ALLEN, M. F. & BALL, B. V. 1992. Virus Detection in Aphids (Homoptera, Aphididae) Kept in a Storage Solution for Suction Trap Catches. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 59, 201-202.

ANDERSON, S. J., CONRAD, K. F., GILLMAN, M. P., WOIWOD, I. P. & FREELAND, J. R. 2008. Phenotypic changes and reduced genetic diversity have accompanied the rapid decline of the garden tiger moth (Arctia caja) in the UK. Ecological Entomology, 33, 638-645.

ANSTEAD, J. A., BURD, J. D. & SHUFRAN, K. A. 2003. Over-summering and biotypic diversity of Schizaphis graminum (Homoptera : Aphididae) populations on noncultivated grass hosts. Environmental Entomology, 32, 662-667.

ANSTEAD, J. A., MALLET, J. & DENHOLM, I. 2007. Temporal and spatial incidence of alleles conferring knockdown resistance to pyrethroids in the peach-potato aphid, Myzus persicae (Hemiptera : Aphididae), and their association with other insecticide resistance mechanisms. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 97, 243-252.

ANSTEAD, J. A., WILLIAMSON, M. S. & DENHOLM, I. 2005. Evidence for multiple origins of identical insecticide resistance mutations in the aphid Myzus persicae. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 35, 249-256.

ANSTEAD, J. A., WILLIAMSON, M. S., ELEFTHERIANOS, L. & DENHOLM, I. 2004. High-throughput detection of knockdown resistance in Myzus persicae using allelic discriminating quantitative PCR. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 34, 871-877.

ARADOTTIR, G. I., HANLEY, S. J., COLLINS, C. M., DAWSON, K. J., KARP, A., LEATHER, S. R., SHIELD, I. & HARRINGTON, R. 2012. Population genetics of Tuberolachnus salignus, an obligate parthenogenetic aphid. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 14, 197-205.

AUSTIN, A. B. M., TATCHELL, G. M., HARRINGTON, R. & BALE, J. S. 1991. A Method for Rearing Cereal Aphids in a Small Space. Entomologia Experimentalis Et Applicata, 61, 91-93.

AUSTIN, A. B. M., TATCHELL, G. M., HARRINGTON, R. & BALE, J. S. 1996. Adaptive significance of changes in morph production during the transition from parthenogenetic to sexual reproduction in the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi (Homoptera: Aphididae). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 86, 93-99.

AWMACK, C. S., HARRINGTON, R. & LEATHER, S. R. 1997. Host plant effects on the performance of the aphid Aulacorthum solani (Kalt.) (Homoptera : Aphididae) at ambient and elevated CO2. Global Change Biology, 3, 545-549.

AWMACK, C. S., HARRINGTON, R. & LINDROTH, R. L. 2004. Aphid individual performance may not predict population responses to elevated CO2 or O-3. Global Change Biology, 10, 1414-1423.

BALE, J. S., HARRINGTON, R. & CLOUGH, M. S. 1988. Low-Temperature Mortality of the Peach-Potato Aphid Myzus-Persicae. Ecological Entomology, 13, 121-129.

BALE, J. S., MASTERS, G. J., HODKINSON, I. D., AWMACK, C., BEZEMER, T. M., BROWN, V. K., BUTTERFIELD, J., BUSE, A., COULSON, J. C., FARRAR, J., GOOD, J. E. G., HARRINGTON, R., HARTLEY, S., JONES, T. H., LINDROTH, R. L., PRESS, M. C., SYMRNIOUDIS, I., WATT, A. D. & WHITTAKER, J. B. 2002. Herbivory in global climate change research: direct effects of rising temperature on insect herbivores. Global Change Biology, 8, 1-16.

BARLOW, H. S. & WOIWOD, I. P. 1989. Moth Diversity of a Tropical Forest in Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 5, 37-50.

BASKY, Z. & HARRINGTON, R. 2000. Cereal aphid flight activity in Hungary and England compared by suction traps. Anzeiger Fur Schadlingskunde-Journal of Pest Science, 73, 70-74.

BELL, J. R., ALDERSON, L., IZERA, D., KRUGER, T., PARKER, S., PICKUP, J., SHORTALL, C. R., TAYLOR, M. S., VERRIER, P. & HARRINGTON, R. 2015. Long-term phenological trends, species accumulation rates, aphid traits and climate: five decades of change in migrating aphids. Journal of Animal Ecology, 84, 21-34.

BELL, J. R., TAYLOR, M. S., SHORTALL, C. R., WELHAM, S. J. & HARRINGTON, R. 2012. The trait and host plant ecology of aphids and their distribution and abundance in the United Kingdom. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 21, 405-415.

BOWDEN, J. 1981. The Relationship between Light-Trap and Suction-Trap Catches of Chrysoperla-Carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae), and the Adjustment of Light-Trap Catches to Allow for Variation in Moonlight. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 71, 621-629.

BROWN, P. M. J., FROST, R., DOBERSKI, J., SPARKS, T., HARRINGTON, R. & ROY, H. E. 2011. Decline in native ladybirds in response to the arrival of Harmonia axyridis: early evidence from England. Ecological Entomology, 36, 231-240.

BUTTS, R. A., HOWLING, G. G., BONE, W., BALE, J. S. & HARRINGTON, R. 1997. Contact with the host plant enhances aphid survival at low temperatures. Ecological Entomology, 22, 26-31.

CAMMELL, M. E., TATCHELL, G. M. & WOIWOD, I. P. 1989. Spatial Pattern of Abundance of the Black Bean Aphid, Aphis-Fabae, in Britain. Journal of Applied Ecology, 26, 463-472.

CARTER, C. I. & COLE, J. 1977. Flight Regulation in Green Spruce Aphid (Elatobium-Abietinum). Annals of Applied Biology, 86, 137-151.

CARTER, N. 1985. Simulation Modeling of the Population-Dynamics of Cereal Aphids. Biosystems, 18, 111-119.

CARTER, N. 1987. Management of Cereal Aphid (Hemiptera, Aphididae) Populations and Their Natural Enemies in Winter-Wheat by Alternate Strip Spraying with a Selective Insecticide. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 77, 677-682.

CARTER, N. 1989. Britains Unchecked Plague of Aphids. New Scientist, 122, 29-30.

CARTER, N., ENTWISTLE, J. C., DIXON, A. F. G. & PAYNE, J. M. 1989. Validation of Models That Predict the Peak Density of Grain Aphid (Sitobion-Avenae) and Yield Loss in Winter-Wheat. Annals of Applied Biology, 115, 31-37.

CARTER, N., POWELL, W., WRIGHT, A. F. & ASHBY, J. E. 1989. Effectiveness of Different Insecticides Applied at Various Growth-Stages to Control Aphids on Winter-Wheat. Crop Protection, 8, 271-276.

CAYLEY, G. R., GRIFFITHS, D. C., LEWTHWAITE, R., PYE, B. J., DEWAR, A. M. & WINDER, G. H. 1987. Comparison of Application Methods for Aphicides on Sugar-Beet and Swedes. Crop Protection, 6, 365-370.

CHAPMAN, J. W., BELL, J. R., BURGIN, L. E., REYNOLDS, D. R., PETTERSSON, L. B., HILL, J. K., BONSALL, M. B. & THOMAS, J. A. 2012. Seasonal migration to high latitudes results in major reproductive benefits in an insect. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 109, 14924-14929.

CHAPMAN, J. W., LIM, K. S. & REYNOLDS, D. R. 2013. The significance of midsummer movements of Autographa gamma: Implications for a mechanistic understanding of orientation behavior in a migrant moth. Current Zoology, 59, 360-370.

CLARK, S. J., TATCHELL, G. M., PERRY, J. N. & WOIWOD, I. P. 1992. Comparative Phenologies of 2 Migrant Cereal Aphid Species. Journal of Applied Ecology, 29, 571-580.

CLOUGH, M. S., BALE, J. S. & HARRINGTON, R. 1987. Prefreeze Exotherms and Mortality in the Peach-Potato Aphid, Myzus-Persicae. Cryo-Letters, 8, 162-167.

CLOUGH, M. S., BALE, J. S. & HARRINGTON, R. 1990. Differential Cold Hardiness in Adults and Nymphs of the Peach-Potato Aphid Myzus-Persicae. Annals of Applied Biology, 116, 1-9.

COCU, N., CONRAD, K., HARRINGTON, R. & ROUNSEVELL, M. D. A. 2005. Analysis of spatial patterns at a geographical scale over north-western Europe from point-referenced aphid count data. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 95, 47-56.

COCU, N., HARRINGTON, R., HULLE, M. & ROUNSEVELL, M. D. A. 2005. Spatial autocorrelation as a tool for identifying the geographical patterns of aphid annual abundance. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 7, 31-43.

COCU, N., HARRINGTON, R., ROUNSEVELL, M. D. A., WORNER, S. P., HULLE, M. & PARTICIPANTS, E. P. 2005. Geographical location, climate and land use influences on the phenology and numbers of the aphid, Myzus persicae, in Europe. Journal of Biogeography, 32, 615-632.

COMONT, R. F., PURSE, B. V., PHILLIPS, W., KUNIN, W. E., HANSON, M., LEWIS, O. T., HARRINGTON, R., SHORTALL, C. R., RONDONI, G. & ROY, H. E. 2014. Escape from parasitism by the invasive alien ladybird, Harmonia axyridis. Insect Conservation and Diversity, 7, 334-342.

COMONT, R. F., ROY, H. E., HARRINGTON, R., SHORTALL, C. R. & PURSE, B. V. 2014. Ecological correlates of local extinction and colonisation in the British ladybird beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Biological Invasions, 16, 1805-1817.

COMONT, R. F., ROY, H. E., LEWIS, O. T., HARRINGTON, R., SHORTALL, C. R. & PURSE, B. V. 2012. Using biological traits to explain ladybird distribution patterns. Journal of Biogeography, 39, 1772-1781.

CONRAD, K. F., PERRY, J. N. & WOIWOD, I. P. 2001. An abundance-occupancy time-lag during the decline of an arctiid tiger moth. Ecology Letters, 4, 300-303.

CONRAD, K. F., PERRY, J. N., WOIWOD, I. P. & ALEXANDER, C. J. 2006. Large-scale temporal changes in spatial pattern during declines of abundance and occupancy in a common moth. Journal of Insect Conservation, 10, 53-64.

CONRAD, K. F., WARREN, M. S., FOX, R., PARSONS, M. S. & WOIWOD, I. P. 2006. Rapid declines of common, widespread British moths provide evidence of an insect biodiversity crisis. Biological Conservation, 132, 279-291.

CONRAD, K. F., WOIWOD, I. P., PARSONS, M., FOX, R. & WARREN, M. S. 2004. Long-term population trends in widespread British moths. Journal of Insect Conservation, 8, 119-136.

CONRAD, K. F., WOIWOD, I. P. & PERRY, J. N. 2002. Long-term decline in abundance and distribution of the garden tiger moth (Arctia caja) in Great Britain. Biological Conservation, 106, 329-337.

CONRAD, K. F., WOIWOD, I. P. & PERRY, J. N. 2003. East Atlantic teleconnection pattern and the decline of a common arctiid moth. Global Change Biology, 9, 125-130.

COOK, L. M., RILEY, A. M. & WOIWOD, I. P. 2002. Melanic frequencies in three species of moths in post industrial Britain. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 75, 475-482.

CRICHTON, M. I. 1971. Study of Caddis Flies (Trichoptera) of Family Limnephilidae, Based on Rothamsted Insect Survey, 1964-68. Journal of Zoology, 163, 533-&.

CROSS, J. V., CUBISON, S., HARRIS, A. & HARRINGTON, R. 2007. Autumn control of rosy apple aphid, Dysaphis plantaginea (Passerini), with aphicides. Crop Protection, 26, 1140-1149.

DAY, K. R., AYRES, M. P., HARRINGTON, R. & KIDD, N. A. C. 2010. Interannual dynamics of aerial and arboreal green spruce aphid populations. Population Ecology, 52, 317-327.

DEWAR, A. M. & CARTER, N. 1984. Decision Trees to Assess the Risk of Cereal Aphid (Hemiptera, Aphididae) Outbreaks in Summer in England. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 74, 387-398.

DEWAR, A. M., CARTER, N. & POWELL, W. 1985. Assessment of Resistance of Commercial Varieties of Winter-Wheat to Cereal Aphids. Annals of Applied Biology, 106, 168-169.

DEWAR, A. M., CARTER, N. & POWELL, W. 1985. Assessment of Resistance of Commercial Varieties of Winter-Wheat to Cereal Aphids. Annals of Applied Biology, 106, 168-169.

DEWAR, A. M., DEAN, G. J. & CANNON, R. 1982. Assessment of Methods for Estimating the Numbers of Aphids (Hemiptera, Aphididae) in Cereals. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 72, 675-685.

DEWAR, A. M., READ, L. A., THORNHILL, W. A., SMITH, S. D. J. & DEVONSHIRE, A. L. 1992. Effect of Established and Novel Aphicides on Resistant Myzus-Persicae (Sulz) on Sugar-Beet under Field Cages. Crop Protection, 11, 21-26.

DEWAR, A. M., TATCHELL, G. M. & TURL, L. A. D. 1984. A Comparison of Cereal-Aphid Migrations over Britain in the Summers of 1979 and 1982. Crop Protection, 3, 379-389.

DEWAR, A. M., WOIWOD, I. & DEJANVRY, E. C. 1980. Aerial Migrations of the Rose-Grain Aphid, Metopolophium-Dirhodum (Wlk), over Europe in 1979. Plant Pathology, 29, 101-109.

ESTAY, S. A., LIMA, M. & HARRINGTON, R. 2009. Climate mediated exogenous forcing and synchrony in populations of the oak aphid in the UK. Oikos, 118, 175-182.

ESTAY, S. A., LIMA, M., LABRA, F. A. & HARRINGTON, R. 2012. Increased outbreak frequency associated with changes in the dynamic behaviour of populations of two aphid species. Oikos, 121, 614-622.

FENTON, B., KASPROWICZ, L., MALLOCH, G. & PICKUP, J. 2010. Reproductive performance of asexual clones of the peach-potato aphid, (Myzus persicae, Homoptera: Aphididae), colonising Scotland in relation to host plant and field ecology. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 100, 451-460.

FENTON, B., MALLOCH, G., WOODFORD, J. A. T., FOSTER, S. P., ANSTEAD, J., DENHOLM, I., KING, L. & PICKUP, J. 2005. The attack of the clones: tracking the movement of insecticide-resistant peach-potato aphids Myzus persicae (Hemiptera : Aphididae). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 95, 483-494.

FOSTER, G. N., BLAKE, S., TONES, S. J., BARKER, I. & HARRINGTON, R. 2004. Occurrence of barley yellow dwarf virus in autumn-sown cereal crops in the United Kingdom in relation to field characteristics. Pest Management Science, 60, 113-125.

FOSTER, S. P., HARRINGTON, R., DEVONSHIRE, A. L., DENHOLM, I., CLARK, S. J. & MUGGLESTONE, M. A. 1997. Evidence for a possible fitness trade-off between insecticide resistance and the low temperature movement that is essential for survival of UK populations of Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 87, 573-579.

FOSTER, S. P., HARRINGTON, R., DEVONSHIRE, A. L., DENHOLM, I., DEVINE, G. J., KENWARD, M. G. & BALE, J. S. 1996. Comparative survival of insecticide-susceptible and resistant peach-potato aphids, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), in low temperature field trials. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 86, 17-27.

FOSTER, S. P., HARRINGTON, R., DEWAR, A. M., DENHOLM, I. & DEVONSHIRE, A. L. 2002. Temporal and spatial dynamics of insecticide resistance in Myzus persicae (Hemiptera : Aphididae). Pest Management Science, 58, 895-907.

FOX, R., CONRAD, K. F., PARSONS, M. S., WARREN, M. S. & WOIWOD, I. P. 2006. The State of Britain’s Larger Moths 2006. Butterfly Conservation and Rothamsted Research.

FOX, R., PARSONS, M. S., CHAPMAN, J. W., WOIWOD, I. P., WARREN, M. S. & BROOKS, D. R. 2013. The State of Britain’s Larger Moths 2013. Butterfly Conservation and Rothamsted Research.

HALKETT, F., HARRINGTON, R., HULLE, M., KINDLMANN, P., MENU, F., RISPE, C. & PLANTEGENEST, M. 2004. Dynamics of production of sexual forms in aphids: Theoretical and experimental evidence for adaptive "coin-flipping" plasticity. American Naturalist, 163, E112-E125.

HANSKI, I. & WOIWOD, I. 1991. Delayed Density-Dependence. Nature, 350, 28-28.

HANSKI, I., WOIWOD, I. & PERRY, J. 1993. Density-Dependence, Population Persistence, and Largely Futile Arguments. Oecologia, 95, 595-598.

HANSKI, I. & WOIWOD, I. P. 1993. Mean-Related Stochasticity and Population Variability. Oikos, 67, 29-39.

HANSKI, I. & WOIWOD, I. P. 1993. Spatial Synchrony in the Dynamics of Moth and Aphid Populations. Journal of Animal Ecology, 62, 656-668.

HARDIE, J. & TATCHELL, G. M. 1989. A Method for Separating Summer and Autumn Migrants of Host-Alternating Aphids. Entomologia Experimentalis Et Applicata, 52, 89-90.

HARRINGTON, R. 1987. Varying Efficiency in a Group of People Sampling Cabbage Plants for Aphids (Hemiptera, Aphididae). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 77, 497-501.

HARRINGTON, R. 2003. Turning up the heat on pests and diseases: a case study for Barley yellow dwarf virus. Bcpc International Congress Crop Science & Technology 2003, Vol 1 and 2, Congress Proceedings, 1195-1200.

HARRINGTON, R., BARTLET, E., RILEY, D. K., FFRENCHCONSTANT, R. H. & CLARK, S. J. 1989. Resurgence of Insecticide-Resistant Myzus-Persicae on Potatoes Treated Repeatedly with Cypermethrin and Mineral-Oil. Crop Protection, 8, 340-348.

HARRINGTON, R. & CHENG, X. N. 1984. Winter Mortality, Development and Reproduction in a Field Population of Myzus-Persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera, Aphididae) in England. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 74, 633-640.

HARRINGTON, R., CLARK, S. J., WELHAM, S. J., VERRIER, P. J., DENHOLM, C. H., HULLE, M., MAURICE, D., ROUNSEVELL, M. D., COCU, N. & CONSORTIUM, E. U. E. 2007. Environmental change and the phenology of European aphids. Global Change Biology, 13, 1550-1564.

HARRINGTON, R., DEWAR, A. M. & GEORGE, B. 1989. Forecasting the Incidence of Virus Yellows in Sugar-Beet in England. Annals of Applied Biology, 114, 459-469.

HARRINGTON, R., FLEMING, R. A. & WOIWOD, I. P. 2001. Climate change impacts on insect management and conservation in temperate regions: can they be predicted? Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 3, 233-240.

HARRINGTON, R. & GIBSON, R. W. 1989. Transmission of potato virus Y by aphids trapped in potato crops in southern England. Potato Research, 32, 167-174.

HARRINGTON, R., KATIS, N. & GIBSON, R. W. 1986. Field Assessment of the Relative Importance of Different Aphid Species in the Transmission of Potato Virus-Y. Potato Research, 29, 67-76.

HARRINGTON, R., TATCHELL, G. M. & BALE, J. S. 1990. Weather, Life-Cycle Strategy and Spring Populations of Aphids. Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica, 25, 423-432.

HARRINGTON, R. & TAYLOR, L. R. 1990. Migration for Survival - Fine-Scale Population Redistribution in an Aphid, Myzus-Persicae. Journal of Animal Ecology, 59, 1177-1193.

HARRINGTON, R., VERRIER, P., DENHOLM, C., HULLE, M., MAURICE, D., BELL, N., KNIGHT, J., ROUNSEVELL, M., COCU, N., BARBAGALLO, S., BASKY, Z., COCEANO, P. G., DERRON, J., KATIS, N., LUKASOVA, H., MARRKULA, I., MOHAR, J., PICKUP, J., ROLOT, J. L., RUSZKOWSKA, M., SCHLIEPHAKE, E., SECO-FERNANDEZ, M. V., SIGVALD, R., TSITSIPIS, J. & ULBER, B. 2004. EXAMINE (EXploitation of Aphid Monitoring In Europe): an European thematic network for the study of global change impacts on aphids. Aphids in a New Millennium, 45-49.

HOWLING, G. G., BALE, J. S. & HARRINGTON, R. 1994. Effects of Extended and Repeated Exposures to Low-Temperature on Mortality of the Peach-Potato Aphid Myzus-Persicae. Ecological Entomology, 19, 361-366.

HOWLING, G. G., HARRINGTON, R., CLARK, S. J. & BALE, J. S. 1993. The Use of Multiple-Regression Via Principal Components in Forecasting Early-Season Aphid (Homoptera, Aphididae) Flight. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 83, 377-381.

HULLE, M., COEUR D'ACIER, A., BANKHEAD-DRONNET, S. & HARRINGTON, R. 2010. Aphids in the face of global changes. Comptes Rendus Biologies, 333, 497-503.

JEFFRIES, D. L., CHAPMAN, J., ROY, H. E., HUMPHRIES, S., HARRINGTON, R., BROWN, P. M. J. & HANDLEY, L. J. L. 2013. Characteristics and Drivers of High-Altitude Ladybird Flight: Insights from Vertical-Looking Entomological Radar. Plos One, 8.

JENKYN, J. F., CARTER, N., DARBY, R. J., GUTTERIDGE, R. J., MULLEN, L. A., PLUMB, R. T., ROSS, G. J. S., TODD, A. D., WIDDOWSON, F. V. & WOOD, D. W. 1992. Effects of 7 Factors on the Growth and Yield of Winter Barley Grown as a 3rd Consecutive Take-All Susceptible Crop and of Growing the Barley after Oats or a Fallow. Journal of Agricultural Science, 119, 303-333.

KASPROWICZ, L., MALLOCH, G., PICKUP, J. & FENTON, B. 2008. Spatial and temporal dynamics of Myzus persicae clones in fields and suction traps. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 10, 91-100.

KATI, A., SHUFRAN, K. A., TAYLOR, M. S., BARJADZE, S., EASTOP, V. F., BLACKMAN, R. L. & HARRINGTON, R. 2013. Identity of Schizaphis species (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the United Kingdom: are they a threat to crops? Bulletin of Entomological Research, 103, 425-440.

KNIGHT, J. D., TATCHELL, G. M., NORTON, G. A. & HARRINGTON, R. 1992. Flypast - an Information Management-System for the Rothamsted Aphid Database to Aid Pest-Control Research and Advice. Crop Protection, 11, 419-426.

KNIGHT, J. D., TATCHELL, G. M., NORTON, G. A. & HARRINGTON, R. 1992. Flypast - an Information Management-System for the Rothamsted Aphid Database to Aid Pest-Control Research and Advice. Crop Protection, 11, 419-426.

LIMA, M., HARRINGTON, R., SALDANA, S. & ESTAY, S. 2008. Non-linear feedback processes and a latitudinal gradient in the climatic effects determine green spruce aphid outbreaks in the UK. Oikos, 117, 951-959.

LIMA, M., HARRINGTON, R., SALDANA, S. & ESTAY, S. 2008. Non-linear feedback processes and a latitudinal gradient in the climatic effects determine green spruce aphid outbreaks in the UK. Oikos, 117, 951-959.

LLEWELLYN, K. S., LOXDALE, H. D., HARRINGTON, R., BROOKES, C. P., CLARK, S. J. & SUNNUCKS, P. 2003. Migration and genetic structure of the grain aphid (Sitobion avenae) in Britain related to climate and clonal fluctuation as revealed using microsatellites. Molecular Ecology, 12, 21-34.

LLEWELLYN, K. S., LOXDALE, H. D., HARRINGTON, R., CLARK, S. J. & SUNNUCKS, P. 2004. Evidence for gene flow and local clonal selection in field populations of the grain aphid (Sitobion avenae) in Britain revealed using microsatellites. Heredity, 93, 143-153.

LOWLES, A. J., TATCHELL, G. M., HARRINGTON, R. & CLARK, S. J. 1996. The effect of temperature and inoculation access period on the transmission of barley yellow dwarf virus by Rhopalosiphum padi (L) and Sitobion avenae (F). Annals of Applied Biology, 128, 45-53.

LOXDALE, H. D., BROOKES, C. P., WOIWOD, I. P. & HARRINGTON, R. 1994. Another Solution for Preserving Activity and Integrity. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 9, 441-441.

LOXDALE, H. D., BROOKES, C. P., WYNNE, I. R. & CLARK, S. J. 1998. Genetic variability within and between English populations of the damson-hop aphid, Phorodon humuli (Hemiptera : Aphididae), with special reference to esterases associated with insecticide resistance. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 88, 513-526.

LOXDALE, H. D., HARDIE, J., HALBERT, S., FOOTTIT, R., KIDD, N. A. C. & CARTER, C. I. 1993. The Relative Importance of Short-Range and Long-Range Movement of Flying Aphids. Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, 68, 291-311.

LUSHAI, G., HARDIE, J. & HARRINGTON, R. 1996. Diapause termination and egg hatch in the bird cherry aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi. Entomologia Experimentalis Et Applicata, 81, 113-115.

LUSHAI, G., HARDIE, J. & HARRINGTON, R. 1996. Inheritance of photoperiodic response in the bird cherry aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi. Physiological Entomology, 21, 297-303.

LUSHAI, G., HARDIE, J. & HARRINGTON, R. 1996. Inhibition of sexual morph production in the bird cherry aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi. Entomologia Experimentalis Et Applicata, 81, 117-119.

LUSHAI, G., LOXDALE, H. D., BROOKES, C. P., VONMENDE, N., HARRINGTON, R. & HARDIE, J. 1997. Genotypic variation among different phenotypes within aphid clones. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 264, 725-730.

MACAULAY, E. D. M., TATCHELL, G. M. & TAYLOR, L. R. 1988. The Rothamsted Insect Survey 12-Metre Suction Trap. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 78, 121-129.

MALLOCH, G., HIGHET, F., KASPROWICZ, L., PICKUP, J., NEILSON, R. & FENTON, B. 2006. Microsatellite marker analysis of peach-potato aphids (Myzus persicae, Homoptera : Aphididae) from Scottish suction traps. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 96, 573-582.

MANN, J. A., HARRINGTON, R., CARTER, N. & PLUMB, R. T. 1997. Control of aphids and barley yellow dwarf virus in spring-sown cereals. Crop Protection, 16, 81-87.

MASTERMAN, A. J., FOSTER, G. N., HOLMES, S. J. & HARRINGTON, R. 1996. The use of the Lamb daily weather types and the indices of progressiveness, southerliness and cyclonicity to investigate the autumn migration of Rhopalosiphum padi. Journal of Applied Ecology, 33, 23-30.

MCVEAN, R. I. K., DIXON, A. F. G. & HARRINGTON, R. 1999. Causes of regional and yearly variation in pea aphid numbers in eastern England. Journal of Applied Entomology-Zeitschrift Fur Angewandte Entomologie, 123, 495-502.

MUTSHINDA, C. M., O'HARA, R. B. & WOIWOD, I. P. 2008. Species abundance dynamics under neutral assumptions: a Bayesian approach to the controversy. Functional Ecology, 22, 340-347.

MUTSHINDA, C. M., O'HARA, R. B. & WOIWOD, I. P. 2009. What drives community dynamics? Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 276, 2923-2929.

MUTSHINDA, C. M., O'HARA, R. B. & WOIWOD, I. P. 2011. A multispecies perspective on ecological impacts of climatic forcing. Journal of Animal Ecology, 80, 101-107.

NOTTINGHAM, S. F., HARDIE, J. & TATCHELL, G. M. 1991. Flight Behavior of the Bird Cherry Aphid, Rhopalosiphum-Padi. Physiological Entomology, 16, 223-229.

PALMER, G., HILL, J. K., BRERETON, T. M., BROOKS, D. R., CHAPMAN, J. W., FOX, R., OLIVER, T. H. & THOMAS, C. D. 2015. Individualistic sensitivities and exposure to climate change explain variation in species’ responses. Science Advances, (in press).

PERCY, K. E., AWMACK, C. S., LINDROTH, R. L., KUBISKE, M. E., KOPPER, B. J., ISEBRANDS, J. G., PREGITZER, K. S., HENDREY, G. R., DICKSON, R. E., ZAK, D. R., OKSANEN, E., SOBER, J., HARRINGTON, R. & KARNOSKY, D. F. 2002. Altered performance of forest pests under atmospheres enriched by CO2 and O-3. Nature, 420, 403-407.

PEREZ-RODRIGUEZ, J., SHORTALL, C. R. & BELL, J. R. 2015. Large-scale migration synchrony between parasitoids and their host. Ecological Entomology, 40, 654-659.

PERRY, J. N. & WOIWOD, I. P. 1992. Fitting Taylor Power Law. Oikos, 65, 538-542.

PERRY, J. N., WOIWOD, I. P. & HANSKI, I. 1993. Using Response-Surface Methodology to Detect Chaos in Ecological Time-Series. Oikos, 68, 329-339.

PERRY, J. N., WOIWOD, I. P., SMITH, R. H. & MORSE, D. 1997. Estimating chaos in an insect population. Science, 276, 1881-1881.

PICKUP, J. & BREWER, A. M. 1994. The Use of Aphid Suction-Trap Data in Forecasting the Incidence of Potato Leafroll Virus in Scottish Seed Potatoes. Brighton Crop Protection Conference - Pests and Diseases - 1994, Vols 1-3, 351-358.

PLUMB, R. T. & CARTER, N. 1991. The Use and Validation of the Infectivity Index as a Method of Forecasting the Need to Control Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus in Autumn-Sown Crops in the United-Kingdom. Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica, 26, 59-62.

PONDER, K. L., PRITCHARD, J., HARRINGTON, R. & BALE, J. S. 2001. Feeding behaviour of the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera : Aphididae) on nitrogen and water-stressed barley (Hordeum vulgare) seedlings. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 91, 125-130.

PONS, X. & TATCHELL, G. M. 1995. Drought Stress and Cereal Aphid Performance. Annals of Applied Biology, 126, 19-31.

POWELL, G., HARRINGTON, R. & SPILLER, N. J. 1992. Stylet Activities and Potato Virus-Y Vector Efficiencies by the Aphids Brachycaudus-Helichrysi and Drepanosiphum-Platanoidis. Entomologia Experimentalis Et Applicata, 62, 293-300.

POWELL, W., DEAN, G. J. & DEWAR, A. 1985. The Influence of Weeds on Polyphagous Arthropod Predators in Winter-Wheat. Crop Protection, 4, 298-312.

PREW, R. D., BEANE, J., CARTER, N., CHURCH, B. M., DEWAR, A. M., LACEY, J., PENNY, A., PLUMB, R. T., THORNE, G. N. & TODD, A. D. 1986. Some Factors Affecting the Growth and Yield of Winter-Wheat Grown as a 3rd Cereal with Much or Negligible Take-All. Journal of Agricultural Science, 107, 639-671.

PREW, R. D., CHURCH, B. M., DEWAR, A. M., LACEY, J., PENNY, A., PLUMB, R. T., THORNE, G. N., TODD, A. D. & WILLIAMS, T. D. 1983. Effects of 8 Factors on the Growth and Nutrient-Uptake of Winter-Wheat and on the Incidence of Pests and Diseases. Journal of Agricultural Science, 100, 363-382.

QI, A. M., DEWAR, A. M. & HARRINGTON, R. 2004. Decision making in controlling virus yellows of sugar beet in the UK. Pest Management Science, 60, 727-732.

REYNOLDS, D. R., CHAPMAN, J. W. & HARRINGTON, R. 2006. The migration of insect vectors of plant and animal viruses. Plant Virus Epidemiology, 67, 453-517.

RISPE, C., HULLE, M., GAUTHIER, J. P., PIERRE, J. S. & HARRINGTON, R. 1998. Effect of climate on the proportion of males in the autumn flight of the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi L. (Hom., Aphididae). Journal of Applied Entomology-Zeitschrift Fur Angewandte Entomologie, 122, 129-136.

SALAMA, N. K. G., KNOWLER, J. T. & ADAMS, C. E. 2007. Increasing abundance and diversity in the moth assemblage of east Loch Lomondside, Scotland over a 35 year period. Journal of Insect Conservation, 11, 151-156.

SANDERS, C. J., SHORTALL, C. R., GUBBINS, S., BURGIN, L., GLOSTER, J., HARRINGTON, R., REYNOLDS, D. R., MELLOR, P. S. & CARPENTER, S. 2011. Influence of season and meteorological parameters on flight activity of Culicoides biting midges. Journal of Applied Ecology, 48, 1355-1364.

SCALERCIO, S., INFUSINO, M. & WOIWOD, I. P. 2009. Optimising the sampling window for moth indicator communities. Journal of Insect Conservation, 13, 583-591.

SCHAEFER, G. W., BENT, G. A. & ALLSOPP, K. 1985. Radar and Optoelectronic Measurements of the Effectiveness of Rothamsted Insect Survey Suction Traps. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 75, 701-715.

SCHERM, H., SUTHERST, R. W., HARRINGTON, R. & INGRAM, J. S. I. 2000. Global networking for assessment of impacts of global change on plant pests. Environmental Pollution, 108, 333-341.

SCHOFIELD, G., PELL, J. K., HARRINGTON, R. & BALE, J. S. 1997. Low temperature interactions between aphids and their natural enemies. Cryo-Letters, 18, 13-13.

SHORTALL, C. R., MOORE, A., SMITH, E., HALL, M. J., WOIWOD, I. P. & HARRINGTON, R. 2009. Long-term changes in the abundance of flying insects. Insect Conservation and Diversity, 2, 251-260.

SKIRVIN, D. J., PERRY, J. N. & HARRINGTON, R. 1997. The effect of climate change on an aphid-coccinellid interaction. Global Change Biology, 3, 1-11.

SKIRVIN, D. J., PERRY, J. N. & HARRINGTON, R. 1997. A model describing the population dynamics of Sitobion avenae and Coccinella septempunctata. Ecological Modelling, 96, 29-39.

SMYRNIOUDIS, I. N., HARRINGTON, R., CLARK, S. J. & KATIS, N. 2001. The effect of natural enemies on the spread of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) by Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera : Aphididae). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 91, 301-306.

SMYRNIOUDIS, I. N., HARRINGTON, R., HALL, M., KATIS, N. & CLARK, S. J. 2001. The effect of temperature on variation in transmission of a BYDV PAV-like isolate by clones of Rhopalosiphum padi and Sitobion avenae. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 107, 167-173.

SMYRNIOUDIS, I. N., HARRINGTON, R. & KATIS, N. I. 2002. A simple test for evaluation of transmission efficiency of barley yellow dwarf virus by aphids. Phytoparasitica, 30, 535-538.

TATCHELL, G. M. 1985. Aphid-Control Advice to Farmers and the Use of Aphid-Monitoring Data. Crop Protection, 4, 39-50.

TATCHELL, G. M. 1989. An Estimate of the Potential Economic-Losses to Some Crops Due to Aphids in Britain. Crop Protection, 8, 25-29.

TATCHELL, G. M. & PARKER, S. J. 1990. Host Plant-Selection by Migrant Rhopalosiphum-Padi in Autumn and the Occurrence of an Intermediate Morph. Entomologia Experimentalis Et Applicata, 54, 237-244.

TATCHELL, G. M., PLUMB, R. T. & CARTER, N. 1988. Migration of Alate Morphs of the Bird Cherry Aphid (Rhopalosiphum-Padi) and Implications for the Epidemiology of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus. Annals of Applied Biology, 112, 1-11.

TAYLOR, L. R. 1986. Synoptic Dynamics, Migration and the Rothamsted Insect Survey - Presidential-Address to the British-Ecological-Society, December 1984. Journal of Animal Ecology, 55, 1-&.

TAYLOR, L. R., KEMPTON, R. A. & WOIWOD, I. P. 1976. Diversity Statistics and Log-Series Model. Journal of Animal Ecology, 45, 255-272.

TAYLOR, L. R., PERRY, J. N., WOIWOD, I. P. & TAYLOR, R. A. J. 1988. Specificity of the Spatial Power-Law Exponent in Ecology and Agriculture. Nature, 332, 721-722.

TAYLOR, L. R., TAYLOR, R. A. J., WOIWOD, I. P. & PERRY, J. N. 1983. Behavioral Dynamics. Nature, 303, 801-804.

TAYLOR, L. R. & WOIWOD, I. P. 1975. Competition and Species Abundance. Nature, 257, 160-161.

TAYLOR, L. R. & WOIWOD, I. P. 1980. Temporal Stability as a Density-Dependent Species Characteristic. Journal of Animal Ecology, 49, 209-224.

TAYLOR, L. R. & WOIWOD, I. P. 1982. Comparative Synoptic Dynamics .1. Relationships between Interspecific and Intraspecific Spatial and Temporal Variance Mean Population Parameters. Journal of Animal Ecology, 51, 879-906.

TAYLOR, L. R., WOIWOD, I. P. & PERRY, J. N. 1978. Density-Dependence of Spatial Behavior and Rarity of Randomness. Journal of Animal Ecology, 47, 383-406.

TAYLOR, L. R., WOIWOD, I. P. & PERRY, J. N. 1979. Negative Binomial as a Dynamic Ecological Model for Aggregation, and the Density Dependence of K. Journal of Animal Ecology, 48, 289-304.

TAYLOR, L. R., WOIWOD, I. P. & PERRY, J. N. 1980. Variance and the Large-Scale Spatial Stability of Aphids, Moths and Birds. Journal of Animal Ecology, 49, 831-854.

TAYLOR, L. R., WOIWOD, I. P. & TAYLOR, R. A. J. 1979. Migratory Ambit of the Hop Aphid and Its Significance in Aphid Population-Dynamics. Journal of Animal Ecology, 48, 955-972.

TAYLOR, M. S., TATCHELL, G. M. & CLARK, S. J. 1994. Morph Identification in Natural-Populations of Alate Female Bird Cherry Aphids, Rhopalosiphum-Padi L, by Multivariate Methods. Annals of Applied Biology, 125, 1-11.

THACKERAY, S. J., SPARKS, T. H., FREDERIKSEN, M., BURTHE, S., BACON, P. J., BELL, J. R., BOTHAM, M. S., BRERETON, T. M., BRIGHT, P. W., CARVALHO, L., CLUTTON-BROCK, T., DAWSON, A., EDWARDS, M., ELLIOTT, J. M., HARRINGTON, R., JOHNS, D., JONES, I. D., JONES, J. T., LEECH, D. I., ROY, D. B., SCOTT, W. A., SMITH, M., SMITHERS, R. J., WINFIELD, I. J. & WANLESS, S. 2010. Trophic level asynchrony in rates of phenological change for marine, freshwater and terrestrial environments. Global Change Biology, 16, 3304-3313.

THOMAS, G. G., GOLDWIN, G. K. & TATCHELL, G. M. 1983. Associations between Weather Factors and the Spring Migration of the Damson-Hop Aphid, Phorodon-Humuli. Annals of Applied Biology, 102, 7-17.

WALTERS, K. F. A. & DEWAR, A. M. 1986. Overwintering Strategy and the Timing of the Spring Migration of the Cereal Aphids Sitobion-Avenae and Sitobion-Fragariae. Journal of Applied Ecology, 23, 905-915.

WARD, S. A., LEATHER, S. R., PICKUP, J. & HARRINGTON, R. 1998. Mortality during dispersal and the cost of host-specificity in parasites: how many aphids find hosts? Journal of Animal Ecology, 67, 763-773.

WESTGARTH-SMITH, A. R., LEROY, S. A. G., COLLINS, P. E. F. & HARRINGTON, R. 2007. Temporal variations in English populations of a forest insect pest, the green spruce aphid (Elatobium abietinum), associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation and global warming. Quaternary International, 173, 153-160.

WIDDOWSON, F. V., DARBY, R. J., DEWAR, A. M., JENKYN, J. F., KERRY, B. R., LAWLOR, D. W., PLUMB, R. T., ROSS, G. J. S., SCOTT, G. C., TODD, A. D. & WOOD, D. W. 1986. The Effects of Sowing Date and Other Factors on Growth, Yield and Nitrogen Uptake, and on the Incidence of Pests and Diseases, of Winter Barley at Rothamsted from 1981 to 1983. Journal of Agricultural Science, 106, 551-574.

WILLIAMSON, M. S., ANSTEAD, J. A., DEVINE, G. J., DEVONSHIRE, A. L., FIELD, L. M., FOSTER, S. P., MOORES, G. D. & DENHOLM, I. 2003. Insecticide resistance: from science to practice. Bcpc International Congress Crop Science & Technology 2003, Vol 1 and 2, Congress Proceedings, 681-688.

WINDER, L., HIRST, D. J., CARTER, N., WRATTEN, S. D. & SOPP, P. I. 1994. Estimating Predation of the Grain Aphid Sitobion-Avenae by Polyphagous Predators. Journal of Applied Ecology, 31, 1-12.

WOIWOD, I. P. 1997. Detecting the effects of climate change on Lepidoptera. Journal of Insect Conservation, 1, 149-158.

WOIWOD, I. P. & HANSKI, I. 1992. Patterns of Density Dependence in Moths and Aphids. Journal of Animal Ecology, 61, 619-629.

WOIWOD, I. P. & HARRINGTON, R. 1994. Flying in the Face of Change - the Rothamsted Insect Survey. Long-Term Experiments in Agricultural and Ecological Sciences, 321-342.

WOIWOD, I. P., TATCHELL, G. M. & BARRETT, A. M. 1984. A System for the Rapid Collection, Analysis and Dissemination of Aphid-Monitoring Data from Suction Traps. Crop Protection, 3, 273-288.

WOOD, C. R., CHAPMAN, J. W., REYNOLDS, D. R., BARLOW, J. F., SMITH, A. D. & WOIWOD, I. P. 2006. The influence of the atmospheric boundary layer on nocturnal layers of noctuids and other moths migrating over southern Britain. International Journal of Biometeorology, 50, 193-204.

WOOD, C. R., REYNOLDS, D. R., WELLS, P. M., BARLOW, J. F., WOIWOD, I. P. & CHAPMAN, J. W. 2009. Flight periodicity and the vertical distribution of high-altitude moth migration over southern Britain. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 99, 525-535.

WORNER, S. P., TATCHELL, G. M. & WOIWOD, I. P. 1995. Predicting Spring Migration of the Damson-Hop Aphid Phorodon Humuli (Homoptera, Aphididae) from Historical Records of Host-Plant Flowering Phenology and Weather. Journal of Applied Ecology, 32, 17-28.

WRATTEN, S. D., WATT, A. D., CARTER, N. & ENTWISTLE, J. C. 1990. Economic Consequences of Pesticide Use for Grain Aphid Control on Winter-Wheat in 1984 in England. Crop Protection, 9, 73-78.

ZHOU, X. & CARTER, N. 1990. A Simulation Study of Aphid Damage and Control Strategies in Cereals. Brighton Crop Protection Conference - Pests and Diseases, 1990 : Proceedings, Vols 1-3, 697-702.

ZHOU, X. & CARTER, N. 1991. The Effects of Nitrogen and Fungicide on Cereal Aphid Population Development and the Consequences for the Aphid-Yield Relationship in Winter-Wheat. Annals of Applied Biology, 119, 433-441.

ZHOU, X. & CARTER, N. 1992. Effects of Temperature, Feeding Position and Crop Growth Stage on the Population-Dynamics of the Rose Grain Aphid, Metopolophium-Dirhodum (Hemiptera, Aphididae). Annals of Applied Biology, 121, 27-37.

ZHOU, X., CARTER, N. & MUMFORD, J. 1989. A Simulation-Model Describing the Population-Dynamics and Damage Potential of the Rose Grain Aphid, Metopolophium-Dirhodum (Walker) (Hemiptera, Aphididae), in the Uk. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 79, 373-380.

ZHOU, X., CARTER, N. & POWELL, W. 1994. Seasonal Distribution and Aerial Movement of Adult Coccinellids on Farmland. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 4, 167-175.

ZHOU, X., HONEK, A., POWELL, W. & CARTER, N. 1995. Variations in Body-Length, Weight, Fat-Content and Survival in Coccinella-Septempunctata at Different Hibernation Sites. Entomologia Experimentalis Et Applicata, 75, 99-107.

ZHOU, X., PERRY, J. N., WOIWOD, I. P., HARRINGTON, R., BALE, J. S. & CLARK, S. J. 1997. Detecting chaotic dynamics of insect populations from long-term survey data. Ecological Entomology, 22, 231-241.

ZHOU, X. L., HARRINGTON, R., WOIWOD, I. P., PERRY, J. N., BALE, J. S. & CLARK, S. J. 1995. Effects of Temperature on Aphid Phenology. Global Change Biology, 1, 303-313.

ZUST, T., HEICHINGER, C., GROSSNIKLAUS, U., HARRINGTON, R., KLIEBENSTEIN, D. J. & TURNBULL, L. A. 2012. Natural Enemies Drive Geographic Variation in Plant Defenses. Science, 338, 116-119.